Element “hgroup” is missing a required instance of one or more of the following child elements: “h1”, “h2”, “h3”, “h4”, “h5”, “h6”.

Every <hgroup> must contain one heading element, from <h1> to <h6>, as a direct child, and this <hgroup> has none.

<hgroup> pairs a heading with related text, such as a subtitle, a tagline or a chapter number. It holds exactly one heading, with optional <p> elements before or after it. Script-supporting elements like <script> and <template> are allowed too.

This error usually appears when <hgroup> is used as a styling wrapper, for example around a logo link in the page header, or when every line inside it is a <p>. A heading wrapped in a <div> or <a> doesn't count, because it has to be a direct child. Any element that isn't allowed inside <hgroup> also gets its own error, such as Element “a” not allowed as child of element “hgroup” in this context.

If the content isn't a heading with a subtitle, replace the <hgroup> with a <div> or remove it. If it is, mark the title up as a heading and keep the extra lines in <p> elements. Older versions of the spec let <hgroup> hold several headings, but now it takes only one, so a subtitle written as <h2> belongs in a <p>.

Invalid example

<header>
  <hgroup>
    <a href="/">
      <img src="logo.png" alt="Example Shop">
    </a>
  </hgroup>
</header>

<hgroup>
  <p>Chapter 3</p>
  <p>The long way home</p>
</hgroup>

Valid example

<header>
  <a href="/">
    <img src="logo.png" alt="Example Shop">
  </a>
</header>

<hgroup>
  <p>Chapter 3</p>
  <h1>The long way home</h1>
</hgroup>

Learn more:

MDN Reference

MDN Web Docs: <hgroup> element

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WHATWG Spec

HTML Living Standard: Sections

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