Top 10 Accessibility Issues in Portugal
These are the main A11Y issues found in the most prominent Portugal websites.
The website list is curated by Ruben Ferreira Duarte, A11Y trainer and editor of the DXD blog
Last update: Saturday, February 1, 2025
1. Elements must meet minimum color contrast ratio thresholds. 32.69%
According to WCAG 2 AA contrast ratio thresholds, all text elements must have sufficient contrast between foreground text and background colors.
2. All page content should be contained by landmarks. 31.31%
The recommended practice is to keep all content, excluding skip links, in designated areas such the header, nav, main, and footer.
3. Links must have discernible text. 14.25%
When used as links, link text and alternative text for images must be recognizable by screen readers, have no duplicate labels, and be focusable.
4. All touch targets must be 24px large, or leave sufficient space. 6.77%
Touch targets must have a minimum dimension of 24 by 24 CSS pixels. The greatest unobscured area of the touch target is used to calculate size. The target must be at least 24 CSS pixels distant from any other touch target if its size is insufficient.
5. Images must have alternative text. 4.10%
To express their purpose and meaning to screen reader users, all images must include alternative text.
6. Heading levels should only increase by one. 3.05%
The h1 through h6 element tags must be in a sequential order for headings to be in a correct logical order.
7. Buttons must have discernible text. 2.23%
For screen reader users, buttons must include recognizable text that specifies the destination, purpose, function, or action.
8. Alternative text of images should not be repeated as text. 2.11%
When button and link text in an alt property value repeats, screen reader users hear the same information twice, rendering the alt text worthless and confusing.
9. <li> elements must be contained in a <ul> or <ol>. 1.82%
All list items (li) must have ul or ol parent elements.
10. Elements must have their visible text as part of their accessible name. 1.68%
The visible label of interactive items labeled through their content must be included in their accessible name.
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