Axe Core Guide
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<marquee> elements are deprecated and must not be used
Elements of type <marquee> are prohibited because they are deprecated, add difficulty for users with limited dexterity, and distract users with cognitive or attention problems.
The marquee element produces difficult-to-read and-click-on scrolling text. Furthermore, it can be disturbing to viewers, particularly those with low eyesight, cognitive impairments, or concentration difficulties.
People with attention difficulties or cognitive impairments may be distracted by scrolling content. People with inadequate fine motor skills may not be able to precisely click on links inside scrolling content. Users with visual impairments may not be able to read the content of the scrolling text with sufficient clarity.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Prevents the use of the deprecated marquee element.
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Related Accessibility Rules
This rule demands the absence of any blink elements. Blinking items might be challenging to activate, and flashing writing can be challenging to read.
The blink tag causes information to blink, as the name implies. Although you might enjoy the appearance, blinking text and objects (such as links and buttons) might be challenging to read and operate, especially for people with poor hand-eye coordination or limited dexterity.
For those who have visual or cognitive impairments, reading blinking letters can be quite challenging. Text that blinks can be annoying, especially for people who have cognitive difficulties. Some people may find it challenging to understand. The blink element should never be used due to these reasons.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Verifies that the blink element is never utilized.
The destination, purpose, function, or action of an ARIA command element must be made clear in understandable text for screen reader users.
The function of items with the roles link, button, or menuitem that lack an accessible name cannot be understood by screen reader users.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Verifies that all elements with the roles link, button, or menuitem have a clear, understandable name.
This rule determines whether or not aria-hidden elements contain focusable elements.
Using the property aria-hidden="true" on an element removes the element and all of its child nodes from the accessibility API, rendering the element fully unavailable to screen readers and other assistive technology.
aria-hidden may be used with extreme discretion to hide visibly displayed content from assistive technologies if the act of hiding this content is meant to enhance the experience of assistive technology users by reducing redundant or superfluous content.
If aria-hidden is employed to hide material from screen readers, the same or equal meaning and functionality must be made available to assistive technologies.
Using aria-hidden="false" on content that is a descendant of an element that is hidden using aria-hidden="true" will not reveal that content to the accessibility API, nor will it be accessible to screen readers or other assistive technology.
The rule applies to any element whose aria-hidden attribute value is true.
By adding aria-hidden="true" to an element, authors assure that assistive technologies will disregard the element.
This can be used to hide aesthetic elements, such as icon typefaces, that are not intended to be read by assistive technologies.
A focusable element with aria-hidden="true" is disregarded as part of the reading order, but is still part of the focus order, making it unclear if it is visible or hidden.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
For all user interface components, including form elements, links, and script-generated components, the name and role can be identified programmatically; user-specified states, properties, and values can be set programmatically; and user agents, including assistive technologies, are notified of changes.
For screen reader users, aria meter elements must have legible language that defines the destination, function, or action.
Users of screen readers are unable to determine the function of items with role="meter" but no accessible name.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Checks that all items with role="meter" have a distinguishable, accessible name.
For screen reader users, Aria progressbar items must include understandable language that specifies the destination, purpose, or action.
Users of screen readers are unable to determine the purpose of items with the role="progressbar" attribute that lack an accessible name.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Checks that all items with role="progressbar" have a distinguishable, accessible name.
Screen reader users are required to have access to understandable text within Aria tooltip elements. This text must define the destination, purpose, function, or action in a clear and concise manner.
Users of screen readers are unable to understand the function of elements that have the role of tooltip but do not have accessible names.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Performs a check on all elements that have the role tooltip to ensure that they have a name that can be understood and is accessible.
Not all ARIA role-attribute combinations are valid. This rule ensures that each role has the required qualities.
Using ARIA attributes in roles where they are not permitted can impair web page accessibility. Using an improper role-attribute combination will have no effect on application accessibility at best and may trigger behavior that blocks accessibility for entire areas of an application at worst.
When ARIA attributes are used on HTML elements that do not conform to WAI-ARIA 1.1, they interfere with the semantics of the elements, causing assistive technology products to display nonsensical user interface (UI) information that does not represent the document’s true UI.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Checks that each element with an ARIA role is using only the ARIA attributes that are permitted for that role.
Ensures every ARIA input field has an accessible name.
This rule ensures that each ARIA input field has a name that is accessible.
There must be accessible names for the following input field roles:
- combobox
- listbox
- searchbox
- slider
- spinbutton
- textbox
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
The names of ARIA input fields must be accessible.
Ensures that the aria-roledescription attribute is only applied to elements having explicit or implicit role values.
Inappropriate aria-roledescription attribute values that clash with an element’s implicit or explicit role value can impede the web page’s accessibility. A contradictory aria-roledescription attribute value may have no effect on the application’s accessibility and may trigger behavior that blocks accessibility for entire application sections.
When aria-roledescription attributes are applied to HTML elements not in accordance with WAI-ARIA 1.1, a semantic conflict may occur between the aria-roledescription value and the implicit or explicit element role value, resulting in assistive technology products reporting nonsensical user interface (UI) information that does not accurately represent the intended UI experience.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Use aria-roledescription values to adequately explain implicit or explicit element role values.
ARIA role values must be assigned valid values. Role values must be appropriately written, correlate to existing ARIA role values, and not be abstract roles in order to correctly display the element’s purpose.
Assistive technologies do not read elements with erroneous ARIA role values as intended by the developer.
When screen readers and other assistive devices do not know the function of each element on a web page, they are unable to interact with or communicate the function to the user. When a role value is invalid, an element’s characteristics, properties, and ways of transmitting information to and/or from the user can be communicated via assistive technologies.
What this Accessibility Rule Checks
Examines each element containing the WAI-ARIA role property to check that its value is valid.