HTML Validation

Consider adding a “lang” attribute to the “html” start tag to declare the language of this document.

lang

About This HTML Issue

Always use a language attribute on the <html> tag to declare the default language of the text in the page, using the lang property.

Example:

<html lang="fr">

Learn more:

→ W3C: Declaring language in HTML

Last reviewed: October 27, 2022

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Related W3C Validator Issues

Attribute “isolang” not allowed on element “html” at this point.

Instead of using the isolang attribute to define the language of the document, you can use lang with an ISO 639-1 two character code.

For example, for Portuguese:

<html lang="pt">

Bad value “en-EN” for attribute “hreflang” on element “link”: Bad region subtag.

The value en-EN is not a valid language tag for the hreflang attribute on a link element.

The hreflang attribute specifies the language (and optionally, the region) of the linked resource to help search engines and browsers deliver the correct localized version. Language tags should follow BCP 47 standards, with primary language subtags (like en) and optional region subtags (like US). A correct region subtag for English would be en-US (English as used in the United States) or en-GB (United Kingdom). Double language subtags like en-EN are invalid because the region subtag must be a valid country code, not a repeat of the language code.

Correct usage:

<link rel="alternate" href="https://example.com/en/" hreflang="en">
<link rel="alternate" href="https://example.com/en-gb/" hreflang="en-GB">
<link rel="alternate" href="https://example.com/en-us/" hreflang="en-US">

Incorrect usage:

<link rel="alternate" href="https://example.com/en-en/" hreflang="en-EN">

Use en, en-US, or en-GB as appropriate for English-language content, but never en-EN.

Saw “</>”. Probable causes: Unescaped “<” (escape as “<”) or mistyped end tag.

Ensure to escape unescaped angle brackets by using < for < and > for > in HTML.

HTML documents may contain special characters where using the raw characters could lead to errors or misinterpretation by the browser. This is common with angle brackets < and >, which are used for delimiting HTML tags. If these characters are used in textual content or mistakenly typed in an unintended manner, it can cause issues, such as unexpected tag closure or rendering problems.

In your case, the W3C HTML Validator has detected an occurrence of the characters </> which might actually be intended as a simple display of these symbols, but are misinterpreted as an incomplete HTML tag. To prevent such issues, you should escape these characters using HTML character entities like < for the less-than sign and > for the greater-than sign.

Example:

You might want to display code or a message like This is the “<tag>” example in your HTML content. The direct use of < and > can break the HTML content. Instead, use:

<p>This is the "&lt;tag&gt;" example.</p>

If you are trying to display the stand-alone sequence </>, you should use:

<p>Saw “&lt;/&gt;”</p>

These replacements ensure the validator processes your HTML correctly without mistaking your intended display content for HTML coding errors.

This document appears to be written in Arabic. Consider adding “dir="rtl"” to the “html” start tag.

Based on the content of the document, the W3C Validator has determined that it’s written in Arabic, and it suggests you specify the direction of text from right to left like this:

<html dir="rtl" lang="ar">

When the attribute “xml:lang” in no namespace is specified, the element must also have the attribute “lang” present with the same value.

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